The PDO is to improve regional collaboration and the socioeconomic and climate resilience of targeted communities in the Senegal River Valley (Mauritania and Senegal). The project will support regional community investments to increase climate resilience, including NBS to increase the rainwater infiltration capacity of soils, retain stormwater, and reduce the speed of stormwater runoff; rehabilitation and improvement of green and public spaces to protect against floods, reduce temperatures, and address urban heat islands; and low carbon development activities, including afforestation and tree nurseries. The project will also implement water balancing ponds and plant trees and grass alongside roadways to mitigate erosion and drought impacts.